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11 Jul,2024
Cooling Water Circulation System
A recirculating cooling water system is a water supply system that cools water by transferring heat and then lowering its temperature before reusing it. It comes in two main types: open-loop and closed-loop systems. The system primarily consists of cooling equipment, pumps, and piping. After cold water flows through production equipment requiring cooling—commonly referred to as heat-exchanging devices such as heat exchangers, condensers, or reactors—the water temperature rises. If this heated water were immediately discharged, it would only be used once (known as a once-through cooling water system).
Schematic Diagram of Closed-Circuit Cooling Tower Operating Principle
Operating principle: Internal circulating water system: The cooled circulating water flows out of the tower through the coil and is pumped back to the heat source (the equipment being cooled) by the system’s circulating water pump. After absorbing heat and warming up, this water returns to the coil for further cooling. External circulating water system: External spray water comes into contact with the coil and packing material, transferring heat to cool the internal circulating water within the coil. The cooled water then collects in the lower sump and is pumped back to the spray tank by the spray water pump, ready to be reused in the cycle.
Two circulation methods for cooling towers.
Closed cooling tower; also known as a sealed cooling tower or simply "closed tower." It features two distinct circulation loops: an internal loop and an external loop. At its core are heat exchangers made of materials such as copper tubes or stainless steel tubes.
What are the maintenance components of a cooling tower?
The service life of a cooling tower and how to maintain it are very important. Some customers can use it for 8 years, while others can only use it for 5 years. So today, let's talk about it.
How should scale buildup in closed cooling towers be removed?
It's quite common for cooling towers to develop scale buildup—similar to how limescale forms when boiling water in a kettle at home. Tap water is typically hard water, containing a higher concentration of dissolved minerals and impurities. When exposed to high temperatures, these substances rapidly break down, and the resulting ions combine to form calcium carbonate, which settles at the bottom. Over time, this accumulation leads to the formation of scale. In closed-loop cooling towers, cooling coils circulate the coolant, while a large volume of recirculating spray water continuously flows over the outer surface. Next, we'll use the closed-loop cooling tower as an example to explain how scale develops—and how it affects the performance of the cooling tower.
Why does the closed cooling tower keep losing water? What’s going on?
If a closed cooling tower continuously requires water replenishment, you should check whether there are any leaks in the cooling tower or its piping, since in most cases, only leaks can lead to insufficient volume in the circulation system, resulting in the need for frequent water top-ups!