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2024
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The process method for refining crude oil into products such as fuel oil and lubricating oils.
Catalytic Reforming Process: Using gasoline fractions as the feedstock, this process involves conducting a structural reforming reaction—under the presence of a catalyst and hydrogen gas—at specific pressure (25–30 kg/cm²) and temperature (490–530°C). During this reaction, non-aromatic hydrocarbons are converted into aromatics. After further refining, the process yields high-octane gasoline as well as valuable byproducts such as benzene, toluene, and xylene.
Catalytic Reforming Process: Using gasoline fractions as the feedstock, this process involves conducting structural reforming reactions under specific conditions—namely, in the presence of a catalyst and hydrogen gas—at a constant pressure of 25–30 kg/cm² and a temperature range of 490–530°C. During this process, non-aromatic hydrocarbons are converted into aromatics, which can then be further refined to produce high-octane gasoline as well as valuable byproducts such as benzene, toluene, and xylene.
Hydrocracking: Using heavy oil as the feedstock, this process involves maintaining specific temperature and pressure conditions in the presence of hydrogen gas and a catalyst, triggering complex chemical reactions such as cracking, hydrogenation, and isomerization to produce high-quality light oils or lubricants.
Other refining processes:
Delayed coking: A process that involves extending the residence time of heavy oil under high temperature and pressure, causing it to undergo extensive cracking into gases, liquids, and petroleum coke.
Hydrotreating: A process that uses a catalyst to react heavy oils or certain fractions with hydrogen under high temperature and pressure, removing impurities such as sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen, and thereby improving the properties of the final product.
Intelligent oil refining:
The intelligentization of petroleum refining processes involves leveraging information technology, automation technology, artificial intelligence technologies, and more, to achieve data collection, analysis, optimization, and control throughout the petroleum refining workflow—thereby enhancing efficiency, quality, and safety in oil refining. This encompasses areas such as intelligent crude oil management, smart control of refining equipment, advanced quality assurance for refined products, and intelligent management practices within refining enterprises.
Petroleum refining business sector:
The petroleum refining business sector also encompasses supporting technologies such as clean gasoline and kerosene production techniques, diesel fuel production technology, processing technologies for low-quality and heavy crude oils, petrochemical integration methods, natural gas-to-transportation fuel processes, and petrochemical feedstock technologies.
In short, petroleum refining is a complex and meticulous process that involves a variety of technologies and methods, aimed at extracting diverse, useful petroleum products from crude oil.
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